Dentist Essay Example For Students

Dental specialist Essay The Trip to the Dentist OfficeThinking to myself, is there any way I could shock back in my vehicle and head back for home, I enter the tall dainty tan shaded block building and stroll over to the lift, trusting that the last half hour of scouring my teeth to death pays off. Anxiously, I press the up button and calmly pause. The lift entryway instantly opens and I am immersed, the entryway closes, up I go. Once on the subsequent floor, I leave the lift and promptly I can smell the blend of the wintergreen enhanced tooth glue and the mind-boggling fragrance of dye out in the corridor, alongside the sound of the teeth crushing drills which gives, not, at this point the sentiment of the dental specialist office however of street development zone. With the opening of the external entryway, the impact of cool air hits me giving a sentiment of being stripped neglected ruthless winter. I stroll in and add my name to the rundown on the long sign in sheet. Andrew, the thin silver haired lady behind the winter white iridescent glass slide window, sees me and tells me that the dental specialist will be prepared in a brief moment. While I stand by reluctantly for the dental collaborator in her fresh perfect creme shaded uniform to report my name, I take a gander at the little tropical turquoise sprinkled fish in the enormous completely clear tank sitting toward the side of the room. The smooth quiet fish dart about playing find the stowaway with the plastic mermaid figure indented profound at the base of the tank with the gems of the ocean. While the small silver air pockets nimbly slip to the highest point of the tanks surface and break quietly while I sit tight. At that point I turn and hope to see a photograph collection sitting on an antiquated looking end table. I get it just to see mouthfulls of despairing rotting teeth and gums. I rapidly close the book thinking in the event that I saw it long enough I would go to stone and screen at the idea, however glad to realize that mine are all there gleaming in the wealth of daylight that is cresting in from the outside world through the streak free window. At l ong last, the medical attendant calls my name and I enter the inward office and sit in the cream hued trap looking seat, trusting that it will swallow me and send me anyplace however here. Taking a gander at all of the glossy treated steel apparatuses gives me an inclination that I am going to enter war. Setting out the brilliant overhead light immediately blinds me, at that point he begins the method. All in all, how have things been going with you since the last time Ive seen you Andy? he inquires. Auuuuuuhhhhh right. Is everything I could answer with. He chuckles and keeps on cleaning, clean, scratch, and floss. Spit in to this cup. He orders. With inclining my head forward and spit into the cup was simply unthinkable with the overwhelming lead cover set over me. I thought I had prevailing in that little undertaking yet as I rested my head down on the seat I could feel some quickly running down the side of my mouth. Okay Andy you are done, allowed to go! he said cheerfully. I was reluctant to ask however it would eat at me on the off chance that I didnt know now before he would call my folks to set up another incrushiating arrangement. Do I have any cavities, Dr. Schall? anxiously I inquired. No, you are sans cavity keep doing awesome. He at that point gives me another delicate tip toothbrush and I leave the dental specialist office with a considerably more joyful grin all over, while I turn my tongue over my silvery whites.

How nutrition relates to bone health Research Paper

How nourishment identifies with bone wellbeing - Research Paper Example The accompanying examination will assist the peruser with understanding the key structure hinders that are required by the body so as to perform and keep up a solid skeletal framework. Right off the bat, and most clearly, calcium just as nutrient K and nutrient D are the most essential and significant structure squares of legitimate bone quality and sustenance. Despite the fact that calcium is what is basically engaged upon concerning keeping up appropriate bone thickness and wellbeing, both nutrient K and nutrient D help to control the degrees of calcium in the circulatory system just as to support and debilitate how this calcium is integrated inside the bone marrow itself (Marian 440). In spite of the fact that this nutrient and supplement are frequently referenced at the same time with bone wellbeing and sustenance, scarcely any people comprehend the procedures that every one of these play in legitimate bone wellbeing. Right off the bat, nutrient D is changed over to what is known as calcidiol in the liver. When this change has occurred, the calcidiol is then siphoned through the circulatory system with the sole aim of looking to control the degrees of calcium a nd phosphate that exist in the circulatory system. Calcidiol acts thusly as a hormone to control levels of exacerbates that exist all through the body (Price 143). By acting in this administrative style, the body can utilize the calcium and phosphate levels that are in the circulation system so as to appropriately construct solid bones. Similarly, nutrient K assists with controlling the degree of calcium restricting that happens inside the bone structure. Moreover, notwithstanding calcium and nutrient K, D, the body needs to keep up satisfactory degrees of magnesium; the second most abundant mineral, after calcium, in the skeleton. Magnesium has a large group of uses as for bone wellbeing; in any case, for the reasons for this concise investigation it can comprehended to have a direct and significantly significant impact on the boney framework that assists with giving bones their thickness and

Where are you going with this

Where are you going with this My Mets are seriously kicking some you-know-what lately. I love it. Omar Minaya is my hero. =D Simone said: now that freshman year is over, how would you describe your first year at mit? relieved that youre still alive, dying for fall semester to start? from hearing about how hard mit is as a prefrosh, to a rising sophomore whose gone through all the goods and bads of freshman year, what do you have to say about mit now? also, just out of curiosity, and its totally okay i you dont feel comfortable talking about it, but whats your grade like so far at mit (1st and 2nd semester, assuming there wasnt pass/no record)? and what was your grade like back in high school? for example, were you a straight a student in high school and getting straight bs here at mit? Well now you did it. I guess now is as good a time as any to ponder the intricacies of my freshman year. How do I feel about freshman year being over? A little sad, actually. I enjoyed being a freshmen. I remember freshman year of high school complaining about bio objectives (weekly bio homework) and biosystem presentations- staples of freshman year at my small, close-knit high school. But then of course, once you became a sophomore it was all, Aww, the freshmen are doing bio objectives! and you immediately got all nostalgic because you thought you were so cool now that you werent at the bottom of the social food chain. You get what Im saying, right? Well anyway, I resolved to appreciate my freshman year of college as much as possible, and I really took that to heart. Freshman year is kind of a bonding experience, because youre all going through the motions of calculus psets (everyones got to do them but at the same time, youre all thinking pass/no record, God bless pass/no record), and theres nothing quite like it. Next year Ill be taking smaller, specialized classes in the major I hav ent chosen yet, and things will be very different. Of course, itll be cool to be done with non-applied math (*sigh of relief*). In terms of how hard it was, thats a tough question. Theres a lot of work, and some of it is really hard. As for me, I procrastinate far too much. Ill never be as productive as Mollie, for example. I read her blog and Im like what?! shehow does sheI dont get it. I personally think Im a little too ADD for straight up productivity. I have a hundred interests and Im always running around trying to join some new club or put together some random project or something. In high school, this was great. I got straight As in high school and had a blast doing all of my random energetic projects. Here, it kind of gets in the way of me having the work ethic to just sit down and finish that %[emailprotected] pset already. So first, just a little note about GPAs- you wont have one until youre a rising sophomore. Since first semester is graded as pass/no record, no GPA is calculated. Which makes sense, you cant have a grade point average until youhave grades. And that wont happen until the end of your freshman year. That said, my GPA is a 3.8. When I tell my friends, I think Ill just leave it at that. But in the interest of full disclosure to you guys, I should mention that at MIT, GPAs are on a 5.0 scale. *grin* Let me sidetrack for a minute. For as long as I can remember, I was one of the smartest kids in my class. Sometimes this was kind of cool. Sometimes this was not so cool. Do I really need to explain this? If youre reading this, you probably get it all too well. Then I went to a selective public magnet high school, and I figured that once I was mixed in with some of the smartest kids in my county, I wouldnt be a straight A student anymore. Only that didnt happen. I was still one of the smartest kids in the class. Im not complaining, I liked my straight As. And I like being smart. But after awhile, I was getting really sick of it. People were always coming to me for help (which was annoying), or bragging about me (which was awkward), or expecting me to always ace tests (which was stressful). So then, I got into MIT, and I thought, OK, NOW I wont be the smartest kid in the class, and this time I was right. *grin* And you know what? I love it this way. I probably shouldnt announce this on the internet of all things, but my personal academic goal for MIT is to pull off a cummulative 4.0 GPA- a B average. (I say I shouldnt say this because now Im on record saying it, and every prospective student and their parents will know if I fail at said goal, but oh well. *grin*) Anyway, like I said, I dont really have the best work ethic, but Im sure I could pull better grades if I really tried. The thing is, I dont really want to. Wait, dont judge- Im not done yet. Its kind of the same logic I used when I decided not to double major. Sure I probably could pull it off if I really wanted to- but I play field hockey and Im going to get a job and I volunteer on the ambulance andthere are so, so many other aspects of my life that are really important to me, and Im not going to sacrifice them in order to pull my GPA up a few points. Bs are fine with me. Of course, if I start failing everything, Ill have to drop a few extracirriculars. But in the meantime, I dont think academics is the absolute most important thing in my life. Sure its a priority, but Im living and learning and getting a lot out of other things too- things I cant get out of a book. On that note, I also spent this year cycling through clubs. I tried out a bunch of activities, and I was always evaluating how I felt about them. I had a lot of fun being super busy this year and I dont regret a single minute I spent on anything. (Except maybe calc psets. =P) But in some cases I didnt make strong connections with the people I was working with, or I didnt really feel passionate about what I was doing. So Im glad I had some experience with different things, and next year Im going to go try a bunch of completely different things instead. I have a feeling this is going to be a pattern, and I dont mind it at all. There are just too many things I want to try. Besides, Im sure along the way Ill run into some activities I really love to do that Ill dedicate insane amounts of my time and soul to. Does that answer your question? =P The other day I went out to eat with my friend Tetty. You remember Tetty, shes the one who hosted that gingerbread house making party where I exposed my true inner nerd. Anyway, I was wearing my favorite new shirt, and as soon as I got out of the car I said, You know you love my shirt. Thank you, ThinkGeek.com! Well, at first Tetty pretended to be mortified to be seen in public with someone wearing that shirt. (As a side note, its really a horrible shirt to wear anywhere thats notI dont know, MIT for example. Whenever anyone asks you what it means, youre just like, OK, Im so not explaining quantum mechanics to you. Ive been toying with the idea of telling people that theyre lyrics to some obscure heavy metal song or something.) Anyway, Tetty soon revealed her own inner nerd. But she said, the probability that I read the front of your shirt is much greater than the probability that I read the back of the shirt, so I think the girl has a point. It seems like this detail would mess with the wave equation. Thoughts?

Essay on Vibrio cholerae, the Human Immune System, and...

Vibrio cholerae, the Human Immune System, and Vaccines Cholera remains a drastically severe disease, killing hundreds of people each outbreak. When ingested, it attaches to the mucosal lining of the intestines and disrupts the normal flow of ions so that there is more sodium, chloride, and water in the intestinal lumen than normal and results in massive diarrhea. Cholera has made a global impact and been endemic in almost all parts of the world. Cholera control strongly emphasizes sanitation, clean drinking water, isolation, and careful food preparation. Two ways our body works against cholera as a self-limiting disease are sloughing cells and the secretory immunoglobulin (sIgA) antibody produced by mucus throughout our body. There are†¦show more content†¦Although the mucosa itself does not appear to be damaged by CT, the net flow of Na+ into tissue is decreased and the net flow of Cl- and water out of tissue is increased so as a result, there is more Na+, Cl-, and water in the lumen than there should be. This leads to massive diarrhea and great electrolyte imbalance. A patient with severe cholera can lose up to 20L of water a day (Salyers A., Abigail, 141). At times, diarrhea becomes so dilute it is almost clear, containing flecks of mucus that it is called rice water stool because of its watery consistency (Salyers A., Abigail, 142). This rapid rate of water loss and dehydration is tremendously fatal. At its most extreme, symptoms emerge in 3-4 hours, previously healthy patients can die within 6-8 hours of infection, and more commonly go into shock 6-12 hours after infection and die within 18 hours (Weekly Epidemiological Record, 6). Cholera’s level of severity is very life threatening and remains a big problem even in our world today. Almost 100 countries worldwide are still affected by cholera and it’s virtually impossible to completely prevent an outbreak. If left alone, this rapidly infectious disease can cause many fatalities. However, improved methods for surveillance, diagnosis, an d treatment, paired with higher standards of sanitation and personalShow MoreRelatedVibrio cholerae1286 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction to Microbiology Pathogen paper Vibrio cholera Nazarbayev University Taxonomy and Morphology Vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative bacterium which is causative agent for the diarrheal disease cholera. Vibrio cholerae is a member of the Vibrionaceae family, which is a facultative anaerobic and is capable of respiratory and fermentative metabolism. It does not form spores and its motility is due to the single polar flagellum. Vibrios are highly halophylic and are very sensitiveRead MoreHow do bacteria affect human lives926 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿How do bacteria affect human lives? Bacteria interact and are a constant in our day to day lives, perhaps more than suspected. Bacteria are often thought of as bad, however this is untrue, there is also many types of ‘good’ bacteria. ‘Good’ bacteria can benefit us by simply helping our digestive system work and helping us in the process of fermentation. Bacteria are extremely helpful in the production of many things such as fuel and medicine. But bacteria directly affect our production ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Emotional Stress On The People Of Haiti Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesdisease such as cholera bacteria inflicting diarrhea. These infections are easily spread through contaminated water. Emotional stress which has a great impact on the physical as well as the mental health of the population quickly degraded the body immune system. Inadequate quantities and qualities of water to sustain health and personal hygiene, poor environmental sanitation and insufficient shelter are all factors that made cholera more potent. An infectious disease like cholera thrives best in a malnutritionRead MoreDisease is worldwide. Some, unfortunately, may continue to be a problem for decades or centuries to1500 Words   |  6 Pagesdisease that continues to disrupt parts of the world. Cholera is death by diarrhea (Symington, 2011). It is a poten tially severe disease that affects the digestive system, leading to extreme dehydration with the possibility of death within hours (Symington, 2011). The culprit responsible for this particular plague is the bacteria Vibrios cholerae (Kraft, 2010). Symptoms of cholera have been traced as far back as ancient Greek times and Sanskrit writings (Pukatzki Provenzano, 2013). Between 1817 andRead MoreCholera Is A Contagious Infection1808 Words   |  8 Pagesof inappropriate treatment modules. If the persons with severe symptoms tend to be treated appropriately, less than 1% of them would die from it. Vibrio Cholerae is the primary agent responsible for Cholera infection. An individual may be infected with the disease if he/she ingests food or water that is contaminated with the bacterium. Vibrio Cholerae has both the host and environmental stages for its life cycle. Looking at the organism’s structure, it is serologically differentiated into the O antigenRead MoreEscherichia Coli : A Type Of Intestinal Sickness1478 Words   |  6 Pagescreated by Vibrio cholerae. ETEC is endemic in numerous creating nations, including Mexico and Bangladesh, and is regularly experienced by travelers, individuals from the military, or different visitors travelling around. Due to poor surveillance, mortality because of ETEC is hard to gauge, yet there are accepted to be no less than 400,000 ETEC-related deaths in children less than 5 years old every year, with incalculable others likely grouped just as death because of diarrhea. Human ETEC strainsRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Vibrio Cholera1961 W ords   |  8 PagesVibrio cholera is a gram negative rod shaped bacteria which colonises the human gut causing acute diarrheal disease and leads to frequent epidemics around the world. In 2014 190, 549 cholera cases were reported to the World Health Organisation (Global Health Observatory Data 2014) , however the true number is likely to be far higher as there are many greatly affected locations which have poor or nonexistent data. Vibrio cholera is currently treated by the use of oral antibiotics coupled with rehydrationRead MoreEssay Cholera Disease Research Report2225 Words   |  9 PagesKarla Obasi HEA 341 Disease Research Report December 9, 2010 CHOLERA Disease Defined Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that causes a large amount of watery diarrhea. Cholera is a bacterial disease (caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae) usually spread through contaminated water. The bacteria, which are found in fecal-contaminated food and water and in raw or undercooked seafood, produce a toxin that affects the intestines causing diarrhea, vomiting, and severe fluid and electrolyteRead More Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesOf the individuals that contracted GBS following vaccinations, the swine flu vaccine of 1976-77 had the highest correlation rate. On a lesser note, five cases of GBS werereported following vaccinations with Haemophilus influenzas type b diphtheria toxoid-conjugate. Since 14 million doses of the vaccine have been distributed since June 1990, the incidence remains marginal. Experimental evidence linking GBS in humans with allergic neuritis in animals has attempted to show an immunologic basisRead MoreThe Health Issues That Are Still Affecting India Today2020 Words   |  9 PagesCholera is water borne and a communicable disease it is also preventable. This disease can cause people to have severe diarrhoea which the body then loses a mass amount of fluids, people then become exceedingly dehydrated which can lead to death. Vibrio cholera or V. Cholera is the bacteria found in Cholera infecting the intestines and causing diarrhoea (Cholera and the Thames, 2014). In 2014, The World Health Organisation (WHO) updated their fact sheet with key facts about Cholera. It was estimated

The Souls Of Black Folk - 1141 Words

When defining oneself race tends to stick out in the forefront of our minds. Race tends to separate one person from the next. The term race refers to people who have differences in biological traits that society feels are socially significant. Society’s emphasis on race has caused a seemingly unamendable division. People treat people differently because of their skin color. A person’s behaviors, actions and skin colors have been attributed to race. Skin color is the main factor when it comes to race. Ethnicity comes into play when people are being classified by nationality. Race is simply black or white, or simply light or dark, which plays into internalized or reverse racism. Personally I believe that African Americans struggle with race more than any other ethnicity because they struggle with both internal and external racism. W.E.B. Dubois as well as Glenn Loury spoke about the African American struggle in their works. W.E.B. DuBois wrote The Souls of Black Folk. In this work DuBois talks about life behind the shadow of race. In The Souls of Black Folk, DuBois makes several points about how as African Americans race is always at the forefront of our minds. It plays a role in everything we do as well as sometimes what we are able to achieve. He talks about how Blacks struggle with â€Å"double consciousness† which he also refers to as â€Å"twoness†. DuBois defines double consciousness as the, â€Å" †¦sense of always looking at one’s self through the eyes of others, of measuring one’sShow MoreRelatedThe Souls Of Black Folk1466 Words   |  6 Pagestitled The Souls of Black Folk in 1903 as a response to the condition of black people in America. The book predates the 1920s Harlem Renaissance, but can be viewed as a precursor to the New Negro Movement. Prior to 1903, blacks lived primarily in the South, but by the 1920s the black population in New York City rose by 115 percent. The movement of blacks from the South to the North occurred for various reasons; discontent with life in the Jim Crow South, widespread violence against blacks and theRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk938 Words   |  4 Pages The reading that I found most compelling to me was W.E.B DuBois excerpt titled â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk†. I find this reading compelling because DuBois was a huge advocate on togetherness and that people were being treated equal. During time that this reading was created, there were many obstacles African Americans were facing in that era that was not so promising for a bright future. The struggles they faced were, racial biasness, lack of representation and lack of educational attainment. DuBoisRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmind. Du Bois argues in his book The Souls of Black Folk, that the gap between being black and American is far too wide. This is not an unjustified view especially in his time period, where laws were set in place purposely to prevent equality of the freedman. But even today, where those laws are no longer in place, a non-white American is too ethnic to be American and is simultaneously too American to be ethnic. Du Bois en tertains the idea of a Negro being both black and American but unfortunately hisRead MoreThe Souls of Black Folk1595 Words   |  7 Pagesthe text of The Souls of Black Folk embodies Du Bois experience of duality as well as his peoples. In Du Bois Forethought to his essay collection, The Souls of Black Folk, he entreats the reader to receive his book in an attempt to understand the world of African Americans—in effect the souls of black folk. Implicit in this appeal is the assumption that the author is capable of representing an entire people. This presumption comes out of Du Bois own dual nature as a black man who has livedRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk1048 Words   |  5 Pages The Souls of Black Folk is Written by W.E.B Du Bois and was published in 1903. This book is a collection of essays put together in a single book. Each essay is not the same, but revolve around the central idea of â€Å"the veil†. Another thought it revolves around is about segregation, and the lives of an average African American. The setting of this book takes place in the 19 20th century of the United States of America. Let me begin by explaining W.E.B Du Bois’s thinking of â€Å"the veil†. The veilRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk780 Words   |  4 PagesAfrica, in America and the islands of the sea† (W.E.B DuBois). This is part of the theme in the novel The Souls of Black Folk, which is based on an actual story/ autobiography of an African American leader, W.E.B DuBois. The narrator DuBois writes about race relations in the United Sates distributing the color-line. The color-line is the fundamental issue of racial conflict between the blacks and whites. It deals with the inequality and disparity of living in America as an African American. W.E.BRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folks958 Words   |  4 PagesThe Souls of Black Folks â€Å"The Songs† The Songs sited in each chapter of this book was put together to deliberately guide the reader’s cerebration process in scrutinizing the context to identify with DuBois of how these events described effected Black people during this era in our history. Each example was directly associated with the subsequent chapter and solidified the arguments from DuBois’ perspective. It was translucently clear that the deliberate specimens of the song segments and the essaysRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folk864 Words   |  4 Pagesabout a veil. However, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary offers another definition: â€Å"something that covers or hides something else.† I believe that this definition is more closely related to the veil that W.E.B. DuBois discusses in this book, â€Å"The Souls of Black Folk.† The first time Dubois brings up the idea of a veil, it is when he is describing an experience from his past that made him feel as though he was different from other pe ople. He uses the idea of a veil to emphasize separation he felt from theRead MoreThe Souls Of Black Folks1486 Words   |  6 Pagescertain knowledge, and we have people in our lives who fit into our unaware identity with us. Then, we have our aware life in which we know about the unsuspecting self and can look at things in a more critical way. Double-Consciousness In the Souls of Black Folks, DuBois writes about a ‘double consciousness . This term suggests African Americans perceive the world through two competing lenses. The first lens views the self as pushing forward from the social position of a marginalized other. TheRead MoreThe Black Music : The Soul Of Black Folk1855 Words   |  8 Pagespopular culture was created or directly influenced by Black music. Through the history of Black musical forms, each style represented a reality of the Black community, whether regionally or based on the time period and politics. Before enslaved Africans had the education to write their stories, they were told orally, often set to music. Highlighting the genius of a people, when there were ideas and stories that were adverse to those in power, Black people were able to hide their true messages in a

Nitrogen and Overall Cell Reaction Free Essays

Candidate session number 0 0 Examination code 8 8 1 1 – 6 1 0 5 Write your session number in the boxes above. Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. Section A: answer all questions. We will write a custom essay sample on Nitrogen and Overall Cell Reaction or any similar topic only for you Order Now Section B: answer one question. Write your answers in the boxes provided. 19 pages  © International Baccalaureate Organization 2011 0120 –2– SECTION A Answer all questions. Write your answers in the boxes provided. 1. N11/4/CHEMI/SP2/ENG/TZ0/XX Airbags are an important safety feature in vehicles. Sodium azide, potassium nitrate and silicondioxidehavebeenusedinonedesignofairbag. [Source:www. hilalairbag. net] Sodium azide, a toxic compound, undergoes the following decomposition reaction under certainconditions. 2NaN 3 (s) 2Na (s) + 3N 2 (g) Twostudentslookedatdatainasimulatedcomputer- asedexperimenttodeterminethevolume ofnitrogengeneratedinanairbag. (a) Sodium azide involves ionic bonding, and metallic bonding is present in sodium. Describeionicandmetallicbonding. How to cite Nitrogen and Overall Cell Reaction, Papers

Quantitative Analysis by Spectrophotometric Methods Essay Example

Quantitative Analysis by Spectrophotometric Methods Paper Abstract In this experiment, the absorbance of KMnO4 was measured by spectrophotometric method to determine the molar concentration and the molar extinction coefficient of KMnO4. In part 1, in order to determine the maximum absorbance wavelength of KMnO4, we measured the absorbance of the sample solution which contains KMnO4 at the wavelengths between 330nm and 660nm, and plotted the ? and A points; the ? max was 530nm. In part 2, the effect of concentration on the absorbance was examined. We prepared five differently concentrated (but, same path length) solutions, and measured the absorbance of them at the ? ax(530nm) discovered in part 1; According to the results, higher concentrated solution had higher absorbance value. The extinction coefficient(? ) could be calculated from the results determined in part 2 and Beer’s Law; ? = 1. 7 x 103. In part 3, the absorbance of the KMnO4 solution of unknown concentration was measured, and using Beer’s law and dilution equation, the initial concentration of the unknown was determined; The concentration of the solution (unknown # : 15) was calculated to be 3. 3 x 10-3M. Introduction Our eyes are sensitive to light which lies in a very small region of the electromagnetic spectrum labeled visible light. This visible light corresponds to a wavelength range of 400 700 nanometers (nm) and a color range of violet through red. The human eye is not capable of seeing radiation with wavelengths outside the visible spectrum. The visible colors from shortest to longest wavelength are: violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red. Ultraviolet radiation has a shorter wavelength than the visible violet light. Infrared radiation has a longer wavelength than visible red light. The white light is a mixture of the colors of the visible spectrum. Black is a total absence of light. Figure 5. 1 The electromagnetic spectrum. Although visible light acts as a wave in some respects, it also displays properties characteristic of particles. The particle-like properties of visible light are exhibited through small, energy-bearing entities known as photons. The energy of a photon is: E photon = hc / ? (1) where h = Plancks constant, 6. 626 x 10-34 J/s, c = speed of light, 3. 00 x 108 m/s, and ? = wavelength of light. Light is energy, and when energy is absorbed by a chemical it results in a change in energy levels of the chemical. We will write a custom essay sample on Quantitative Analysis by Spectrophotometric Methods specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Quantitative Analysis by Spectrophotometric Methods specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Quantitative Analysis by Spectrophotometric Methods specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Molecules normally exist in discrete energy levels. Vibrational energy levels exist because molecular bonds vibrate at specific frequencies. Electronic energy levels exist because electrons in molecules can be excited to discrete, higher energy orbitals. The energy (E) of light depends on its wavelength. Longer wavelengths (infrared) have less energy than shorter wavelengths (ultraviolet). A molecule will absorb energy (light) when the energy (or wavelength) exactly matches the energy difference between the two energy states of the molecule. In absorption, light — sunlight which is white light — strikes an object and part of the light may be absorbed by the object. The light we see coming from that object is the light which was not absorbed by the object. We see the not-absorbed light as the color of the object. If no light is absorbed, the object appears to be colorless. A spectrophotometer is employed to measure the amount of light that a sample absorbs. The instrument operates by passing a beam of light through a sample and measuring the intensity of light reaching a detector. The beam of light consists of a stream of photons. When a photon encounters a molecule, there is a chance the molecule will absorb the photon. This absorption reduces the number of photons in the beam of light, thereby reducing the intensity of the light beam. The ratio of transmitted light intensity(I) to the incident light intensity(I0) is the transmittance, T: T = I / I0 (2) The amount of light a sample absorbs is affected by its concentration. If there are samples of same substances but different concentrations, the amount of the absorbed light will be different. In higher concentrated solution, more absorbing molecules are present in the path of the light, and the chance the light strikes the molecules will increase. So, more light will be absorbed by the sample; less light will be transmitted. In contrast, in lower concentrated solution, less light will be absorbed, and more light will be transmitted. The concentration is represented by the symbol C and is typically measured in mole/L. Another factor that affects the amount of light a sample absorbs is the path length which is the length of sample that the light passes through. The path length is represented by the symbol l and is typically measured in centimeters. When the light travels through longer distance, it will strike more absorbing molecules, so more light will be absorbed, and less light will be transmitted. The relationship of two factors (path length concentration) can be combined to yield a general equation called Beers Law. log10T = A = ? lC (3) The quantity ? is the molar absorptivity; in older literature it is sometimes called the molar extinction coefficient. It is the measure of how strongly a substance absorbs light at a particular wavelength; a larger extinction coefficient means that substance absorbs more light. The units of ? are usually in M-1cm-1 or L mol-1cm-1. A is the absorbance of light by a sample, and in this experiment, it was measured directly by a spectrophotometer. Experimental 1. Maximum Absorbance Wavelength: For the first part of this experiment, we determined the wavelength at which a selected substance (KMnO4) would absorb best. We obtained 10ml of 0. 0040M KMnO4, and using a graduated 1. 0-ml pipette and a pipetting bulb, transferred 1. 00ml of it into a 25. 0-ml volumetric flask. We filled the flask half full with deionized water, and added 1. 0ml of 3. 0M H2SO4. After mixing the contents, we filled the flask completely with deionized water and mixed them again. After the sample solution was prepared, we calibrated a spectrophotometer using a blank solution; in this experiment, deionized water was used for the bla nk solution because H2SO4 is transparent in the visible region. For measuring the absorbance of KMnO4, first we selected a wavelength, and placed a cuvette containing blank solution, then replaced it with the other cuvette containing the prepared KMnO4 solution. The absorbance was measured at the wavelengths between 360nm and 660nm, and each time a new wavelength was selected, the spectrophotometer was recalibrated. After all the absorbance values were measured, we plotted the absorbance data versus the wavelength to determine ? max which was used for the remainder of the experiment. 2. Standard Absorbance Curve: For the second part of this experiment, we examined the effect of varying the concentration on the absorbance. Five differently concentrated KMnO4 solutions were prepared for this part. For each 25. 00ml sample, 1. 00ml, 0. 80ml, 0. 60ml, 0. 40ml, and 0. 0ml of 0. 0040M KMnO4, 1. 0ml of 3. 0M H2SO4, and deionized water were added. The concentration of each solution was calculated using the dilution equation, M1V1 = M2V2. After a sample was prepared, we set the spectrophotometer to the ? max discovered in first part, calibrated using the blank, and then examined the absorbance of the sample. After all the findings were examined, we m ade a plot of the absorbance versus concentration. The molar extinction coefficient could be calculated using the Beer’s Law and the measured results. The inside diameter of the cuvette (path length) was measured with calipers. 3. Concentration of an Unknown: In the last part, we determined the concentration of unknown solution using the results (the path length and the extinction coefficient) determined in the second part. We obtained a solution of KMnO4 of unknown concentration. We followed the same procedure as for the second part to dilute the unknown solution; added KMnO4, H2SO4, and deionized water to make 25. 00ml sample, and calibrated the instrument with the blank solution at the ? max, and then measured the absorbance. The concentration of the unknown before it was diluted could be determined using the dilution equation in a reverse way. Results Discussion 1. Maximum Absorbance Wavelength: In part 1, we determined the sample’s absorbance spectrum to find the wavelength (? max) at which KMnO4 absorbs best. The absorbance data measured in this part is shown in Table 1, and Figure 1 is the absorbance spectrum constructed by plotting A vs ?. Table 1: Data for Maximum Absorbance Wavelength Wavelength360380400420440460480500 Absorbance0. 1450. 0770. 0210. 0080. 0170. 0510. 1320. 253 Wavelength520540560580600620640660 Absorbance0. 3620. 3600. 2460. 1130. 0400. 0300. 0220. 018 Figure 1: Absorbance Spectrum of KMnO4 According to the graph, ? max of KMnO4 is about 530nm, and it means that at the wavelength 530nm, KMnO4 absorbs light best. 2. Standard Absorbance Curve: In part 2, we examined the effect of varying the concentration on the absorbance. We prepared five differently concentrated solutions (the higher concentrated solution appeared darker pink-violet), and using dilution equation, the concentrations were calculated. Figure 2: Color of permanganate in different concentrated solution The calculated concentration and the measured absorbance of each solution are summarized in Table 2. Table 2: Data for Standard Absorbance Curve Volume (ml)Concentration (M)Absorbance 1. 001. 6 x 10-40. 320 0. 801. 3 x 10-40. 252 0. 609. 6 x 10-50. 185 0. 406. 4 x 10-50. 122 0. 203. 2 x 10-50. 057 As shown in Table 2, when concentration decreased, the absorbance value also decreased. A plot of the absorbance verses concentration (Figure 4) resulted a straight line, and according to the equation (3), the Beer’s Law, we knew that the slope(2036. 563) of the line equals ? l. The path length(l) of the cuvette was measured to be 1. 18cm, and the extinction coefficient(? ) at 530nm was calculated to be 1. x 103; The molar extinction coefficient varies with the wavelength of light used in the measurement. Figure 3: A plot of Absorbance vs. Concentration 3. Concentration of an Unknown: The concentration of the unknown (#15) solution was calculated using Beer’s Law and dilution equation. Table 3 shows the data gathered. Table 3: Data and Calculation for Unknown KMnO4 Concentrat ion TrialVol. of KMnO4 AbsorbanceCon. after dilution (M)Con. before dilution (M) 11. 0 ml0. 2511. 3 x 10-43. 3 x 10-3 20. 8 ml0. 2121. 1 x 10-43. 4 x 10-3 30. 6 ml0. 1557. 7 x 10-43. 3 x 10-3 The mean concentration before dilution was calculated to 3. x 10-3M. In part 1, the maximum wavelength of KMnO4 was found as 530nm. When MnO4- is dissolved in water, it appears pink-violet, and as shown in color wheel below, it absorbs primarily yellow-green light. (The color a substance appears to be is directly across the wheel from the color of light that substance has absorbed. ) The range of the wavelength of green-yellow light is between 495nm ~ 590nm, so the maximum wavelength measured (530nm) is reasonable. Figure 4: The Color Wheel The absorbance spectrum shows how the absorbance of light depends upon the wavelength of the light. The spectrum itself is a plot of absorbance vs. wavelength and is characterized by the wavelength (? max) at which the absorbance is the greatest. The value of ? max is important for several reasons. This wavelength is characteristic of each compound and provides information on the electronic structure of the analyte. In order to obtain the highest sensitivity and to minimize deviations from Beers Law, analytical measurements are made using light with a wavelength of ? max. In part 2, we observed that the absorbance was lower in less concentrated solution. Before the experiment was done, we expected that in lower concentrated solution, because fewer number of absorbing molecules would exist, so less light would be absorbed; the expectation was correct. As I mentioned above, the solution appears pink-violet because permanganate absorbs primarily green-yellow light. The pink-violet color was darker in higher concentrated solution as in figure 2, and it can be explained that more green-yellow light was absorbed, so the violet color appeared darker. In part 3, we measured the absorbance of diluted unknown KMnO4 solution to determine the concentration of it. I got the sample of unknown number 15. We’d already known the value of the path length and the extinction coefficient, so we could calculate the concentration using the Beer’s Law. The solution was diluted to 25ml, so, in order to determine the initial concentration of the unknown, we used the dilution equation in a reverse way. The absorbance of the unknown was similar to the absorbance of the known sample, so I expected that the concentration would be similar; the known concentration was 0. 0040M, and the unknown concentration determined to be 0. 0033M.

Find out What Mathematical Economics Is

Find out What Mathematical Economics Is Much of the study of economics requires an understanding of mathematical and statistical methods, so what exactly is mathematical economics? Mathematical economics is best defined as a sub-field of economics that examines the mathematical aspects of economics and economic theories. Or put into other words, mathematics such as calculus, matrix algebra, and differential equations are applied to illustrate economic theories and analyze economic hypotheses. Proponents of mathematical economics claim that the primary advantage of this particular approach is that it permits the formation of theoretical economic relationships through generalizations with simplicity. Mind you, the simplicity of this approach to the study of economics is certainly subjective. These proponents are likely to be skilled in complex mathematics. An understanding of mathematical economics is particularly important for students considering the pursuit of a graduate degree in economics as advanced economics studies make great use of formal mathematical reasoning and models. Mathematical Economics vs. Econometrics As most economics student will attest to, modern economic research certainly doesnt shy away from mathematical modeling, but its application of the math differs within the various subfields. Fields like econometrics seek  to analyze real-world economic scenarios and activity through statistical methods. Mathematical economics, on the other hand, could be considered econometrics theoretical  counterpart. Mathematical economics allows economists to formulate testable hypotheses on a wide array of complicated subjects and topics. It also permits economists to explain observable phenomena in quantifiable terms and provide the basis for further interpretation or the provision of possible solutions.  But these mathematical methods that economists use are not limited to mathematical economics. In fact, many are often utilized in the studies of other sciences as well. The Math in Mathematical Economics These mathematical methods generally reach far beyond typical high school algebra and geometry and are not limited to one mathematical discipline. The importance of these advanced mathematical methods is captured perfectly in the mathematics section of books to study before going to graduate school in economics: Having a good understanding of mathematics is crucial to success in economics. Most undergraduate students, particularly those coming from North America, are often shocked by how mathematical graduate programs in economics are. The math goes beyond basic algebra and calculus, as it tends to be more proofs, such as Let (x_n) be a Cauchy sequence. Show that if (X_n) has a convergent subsequence then the sequence is itself convergent. Economics uses tools from essentially every branch of mathematics. For instance, a  great deal of pure mathematics, such as real analysis, appears in microeconomic theory. Numerical method  approaches from applied mathematics are also used a great deal in most subfields of economics. Partial differential equations, which are normally associated with physics, show up in all kinds of economics applications, most notably finance and asset pricing. For better or for worse, economics has become an incredibly technical topic of study.

How to Expand Your Organic Growth on Facebook and Twitter for Free

How to Expand Your Organic Growth on Facebook and Twitter for Free When it comes to social media, every brand wants in on the action. It’s no secret that social media marketing works only if a brand actually has fans or followers. Amassing a respectable audience on Facebook, Twitter, Google+ (is that still a thing?), Linkedin, Instagram or any of the other platform du jour  is tough. Many brands and small businesses want their social media presence to be organic, meaning no money invested. Having a good, or great, social media presence can help any   business grow like wildflowers. But, this will only happen after it develops a large following and then works consistently to engage, educate, and cultivate this audience. Brands want the growth and audience, but aren’t willing to pay for it. Seems like a catch 22. Can a brand simply grow their social audience organically?   Is that even possible in today’s pay-to-play landscape? Here are some metrics. Here’s a 10 step recipe for growing an organic audience on Facebook and TwitterHow to Get 129% Organic Growth on Twitter and 239% on Facebook With 100% Organic Tactics No, this isn’t a fairytale in the land of make believe that is social media. It’s actually the metrics after recently (within past two months) concluding a relationship with one of my first social media clients ever. The client, let’s call them DFX (name changed), works in the financial sector so the competition is high, with tight regulations in terms of release of specific information, and it just so happens to be that within this aspect of the industry, some brands are known for tactics that fall within the â€Å"grey area† of digital marketing. After closing up with the DFX, it’s pretty clear that brands can still boost their audience even without investing money. Will it take time and effort? Absolutely, but the euphoria of surviving numerous Facebook algorithms and outperforming your competition is worth it all. Trust me, I’ve been there. So, how did they succeed in growing organically?   Here’s a 10 step recipe for growing an organic audience on Facebook and Twitter (and it even worked a bit on Google Plus too). Here’s a 10 step recipe for growing an organic audience on Facebook and TwitterKnow the Fundamentals to Grow a Social Media Audience the Right Way Organic growth is based on three fundamentals: Consistency Knowledge Being real (authenticity) Brands must be consistent. If any brand attempts to implement any of these strategies for even a month and then gives up, I guarantee that they will fail. Social media is a long-term game. It’s a marathon, not a sprint. Limited on time? No problem, just pick a few of the strategies and be relentless in executing them. Brands must know their audience (we all know what happens when we assume things about people)? Understand their patterns, their preferences, their input. Social media is always about being real. There’s no room for bots, auto responders, auto DM’s, and egg heads. It’s about conversation. Organic growth on social media is just as much about knowing, educating and maintaining current followers as it is about gaining new ones. Recommended Reading: The Six Types of Social Media Content That Will Give You the Greatest Value With that introduction, here’s how DFX grew their social media audience organically (all images and screenshots of content are used with permission). With this information in hand, any brand can launch an organic growth campaign. Recommended Reading: Facebook Marketing Strategy: Why You Need One (And How to Build It) 1. Perform a Social Media Audit After vowing to embrace the fundamentals, an important step in growth is to first assess what’s been done. Conduct a social media audit of your existing process, strategy, and flow. Calendar of content: Yes, this is number one on an audit. Without a content calendar that stresses consistency, valuable brand focused and industry relevant content the entire social media and digital effort will be sloppy. Audience mapping: Identify leaders, influencers, and key figures in the space. Content should be shaped and guided by the conversations of these industry figures. Focus the brands engagement efforts and optimize content to this audience. Additionally, the content style of others in your space should offer insight into what resonates with the readers. Timing: Content should be posted at optimal times based on the highest concentration of readers. The easiest method to start an audit about timing is to use Facebook Insights   which will highlight the trends. Frequency of content sharing and use of hashtags: Posting content at the right time is one aspect of timing. The frequency of sharing relevant content to these audiences is also important. It does take a bit of trial and error. Using hashtags can also boost reach of your content. How often is content posted? When are hashtags, if at all, used? How many hashtags? Image Quality: Unfortunately, this is a problem that many brands confront (more about this later). This should be as important as the rest of your content. Is the image shareable? Will it look right when shared across digital channels? Has it been tagged on the CMS backend? Word Choice: Brands often auto share their content without being mindful of what will actually engage their readers. Engagement vs Automation: Every brand schedules content. Automation helps, but it can’t replace human interaction and engagement. How often is content scheduled and pushed out and how often does the brand engage with its users, those who share its content? After conducting a detailed, unbiased, social audit it’s time to move on to the fun part: successful organic growth. Note: The above audit served as the ongoing reference point for the DFX social team to refine and revise its strategy. Any brand can use this audit style. 2. Build Out Your Content Calendar In order for a brand to truly grow its organic audience and, by default, its reach, it needs to be strategic about its posting of content. Creating a proper schedule that drills down to the topics, the word choice, timing, style on each social platform, what call-to-action (only one per post please), awareness of important calendar dates within the industry or relevant holidays, will focus all marketing and communication efforts. Synchronizing these efforts is the most important. Why? Knowing these critical pieces of information eases the entire flow of content to be a deliberate process. A complete content calendar spans over a few months and includes all of the postings and themes that will be focused on during this time frame. The calendar should be amenable to change, as trends shift and brands need to modify accordingly. A calendar should not only include campaign themes, but also any events, sponsorships or webinars. offers a very detailed content calendar  for free. A content calendar should not only include campaign themes, but also any events, sponsorships or...3. Try Reverse-Engineering Hashtags For several clients, I’ve found that the best way to identify which content should be posted on what days, was to reverse engineer the calendar based on hashtags. How can hashtags define an entire content calendar? Hashtags simply let a brand associate their content, tweets, or posts with a larger conversation on a global scale? Yes, global. So a brand can easily grow their page by using a hashtag? Yes!   It's like adding keywords to your message to make it globally searchable. Which hashtags are right for your brand? Use Hashtagify to identify the relevance of a specific hashtag and other relevant ones associated to the main one. Once identified, brands can then leverage this information for competitive research, content curation, and influencer mapping. Every industry has hashtags. Remember, they’re like keywords. Recommended Reading: How to Use Hashtags Effectively Without Being Annoying 4. Search For Relevant Twitter Chats Once a brand has mapped the right hashtags, go one step further by searching for relevant Twitter chats. These weekly or bi-weekly online conversations on Twitter are a secret way to grow an organic audience. Use the Twubs  to search the extensive calendar for relevant conversations: Access a global network of relevant people, engage in meaningful conversations within its industry, and identify active users all organically. For the sake of example, a company working in the travel industry. Every Tuesday, there is a conversation called #ttot, travel talk on Twitter. On this day, travel professionals from around the world engage in industry related conversations. Why not leverage this to grow your audience? Bam! Your brand has just created its content bible by reverse engineering a content schedule framed around relevant conversations, industry topics, and optimal engagement.Tuesdays are now set in terms of branded content. Continuing with the travel theme, any destination is rich with history. Why not use the popular #TBT (throw back Thursday) to highlight the changing landscape of a location over time?! With two days of content framed around hashtags, the rest of the week should be much easier to plug in. Recommended Reading: 30 Social Media Engagement Tactics That Will Boost Shares And Conversions 5. Know that Timing is Everything Once you know what to post, now it’s time to determine when to post it. Organic growth starts with knowing when your brand’s audience is online. Timing for each platform does vary. We even wrote a post the best times to post on each platform, which digs deep into the topic of timing content for optimal viewing. For a day-to-day analysis, conducted extensive research  on optimizing the timing of content for best engagement. For DFX, Sundays, an otherwise slow time in the trading/ financial sector, was a chance for the brand to offer valuable information that is relevant to the upcoming week. It was also a time to highlight some key figures and personalities in the industry. Get more social media engagement by offering valuable content during off-peak times.Why? By offering valuable content on a slow day, DFX positioned itself as an active participant in the online conversation. It also presented itself as community-minded brand since every week the content on Sundays was focused around other brands. The proactive content and engagement approach, during an otherwise quiet time in the industry, significantly grew the brand’s organic audience. 6. Get Your Frequency Dialed In Once your brand knows when to post the content for optimal viewing, now the question is how often should a brand post its content. Guy Kawasaki is famous for his unique social media content strategy, sharing the exact content four times a day, eight hours apart. Why? Simply stated, why get 600 views when you can get 2400 by sharing it multiple times? Besides, if your audience sees your content more than once then they’re probably sitting in front of their computer for way too long. Recommended Reading: How Often to Post on Social Media [Proven Research From 10 Studies] A twist on the Guy Kawasaki method, which has helped many clients, is to share the same piece of content on Twitter four to six times a day and on Facebook two to three times a day, but each time either the image or the content (not the link) varies. How does a brand repurpose its content for multiple sharing throughout the day? Think about each blog post as a newspaper article. Every article has multiple angles that may interest a reader. Why not offer them as ‘new’ content options? Here’s a sample of the same link being shared three times in one day. This link got over 120 views in one day. When it comes to social media success, timing is everything.7. Understand Audience Mapping Organic growth on social media can be as simple as mapping your target audiences. Start by telling BuzzSumo  the category of content that best suits your brand, BuzzSumo will produce a list of the most influential people in the space, it will also share a list of content pieces that have performed extremely well. This makes your job a whole lot easier. If you have a BuzzSumo subscription, start by logging in. Then, select Influencers: Next, enter a keyword related to your industry, and click Search: Now, start following these people: For DFX, we mapped over 3,000 influencers and brands that we’d like to work with and engage in meaningful conversations (more on that later). 3,000. It took a long time to map them but the ROI was impressive. Once a respectable list is generated, sort each member of the audience, especially competition, by their social following. Next, is to follow these brands on Twitter and Facebook who share content that resonates with your brand profile. What will most likely happen is that top ones will rise to the top. Use their metrics as a benchmark. At DFX, we followed them across social channels, like Facebook Pages to watch, signed up to their newsletters, and subscribed to their RSS feeds. Watch your competition's Facebook pages, get their newsletters, and subscribe to their RSS feeds.Use a service like Nuzzel to do scour the internet of your main audience and their best performing content. They will email the most-shared content from your audience. If the list of influencers is really good, then the results will be super relevant, making organic growth a cinch. Guess what? Your brand has just mapped the right people and now it also knows what content is doing well. Once you know what’s doing well and what others are writing about, wouldn’t it make sense to add some value to the conversation by writing a content piece about the topic and mention these people?! Of course it would! Then, post the content and tag these brands. Unique, valuable content, targeted to your audience, and garnered by the leaders of your space. Organic growth was never so easy. Want to take the audience mapping to the next level? Create an interview series with these influencers as the guest contributors offering their thoughts on the industry and their vision on certain topics. Influencer marketing does work (for proof, here’s how Huawei rocked  their influencer marketing efforts). Now it’s your turn to share it and engage these people. Recommended Reading: How to Find Your Target Audience to Create the Best Content That Connects 8. Automate Content Unless your brand is Superman, there’s never enough time in the day to post content around the clock. Automation helps with making social media growth more efficient and effective. It’s not intended to be the only form of social media. Automation is half of the solution. Care to guess the other? Yup, engagement. See number 6. Once a brand understands that automation and real conversations are both  important, that real organic growth can take place. Looking for automation tools? Here’s a list of 9 social media management tools  that cross all platforms. Recommended Reading: Best Time Scheduling is the Easy Way to Get More Engagement [New Feature] 9. Engage Your Audience Social media is a behavioral shift. It’s not a broadcast platform. Engaging an audience and a community is one of the toughest aspects of social media marketing. Finding the right balance between branded content and audience generated content is not easy. For every brand it will vary.   For some it can be funny pictures, memes, videos, gif’s, or a white paper. Once a brand does have a following it means engaging, supporting and sharing their content, responding to their comments, and helping them if necessary. Social media is a behavioral shift. It's not a broadcast platform.How do you get more people talking about and interacting with your brand on social media? Stop talking about your brand! Yup, that’s right. Avoid being overtly promotional. The more narrative based content or industry related content and interesting pieces of information that aren’t brand focused will show the community how real the brand is. It may sound counterintuitive but it works. Want to engage an audience? Find a conference. No brands don’t have to attend every industry conference. Why not use the conference specific hashtag (there’s that reverse engineering thing again) as a means to engage in conversations?! Here’s a targeted conversation with a global influencer from DFX before a conference: Look at that! The brand engaged in a meaningful way and landed a meeting (face-to face) and took the conversation offline. 10. Take it Offline That’s right, one of the best ways of growing an organic social audience is to find ways to take it offline. That could be a phone call, a webinar, a meeting at a conference (via the hashtag), or webinar.   Bridge the online offline gap and a put a face to the brand. Make it happen. Tweeting and posting can be done all day, but until a real connection is made, the deal won’t be sealed. one of the best ways of growing an organic social audience is to find ways to take it offline.11. Aesthetics is Everything Visuals can make the entire difference in organic growth. It can boost brand visibility while supporting all digital efforts.   With such a cluttered social space, high quality, attractive visuals make a brand memorable. Visual content is easier for humans to process and is an easy way to generate more views, click throughs and followers. Rather than just use the same text, or the default image that comes up when putting a link to Facebook or Google Plus, why not be creative? Recommended Reading: How to Design Blog Graphics With Free Tools Consistent style of content and embedding of images that are high quality and relevant can make all the difference in organic growth and brand awareness. Social media marketing is a marathon. It will take time. The best metric of success in social media is the quality (not quantity) of your networks. Any brand that approaches social media from an organic perspective, the quality of their community will be a natural progression of the effort put in.

Team builders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team builders - Essay Example Synergy (2001) reports, â€Å"If one studies highly effective groups, one finds that the most successful groups over the long haul tend to address both the technical needs and human needs. These groups are at the same time competent in the work they perform and highly functional in their interpersonal relationships†¦factors that emerge about successful teams (are) camaraderie, fellowship, and loyalty.† Team builders provide motivation in the health care setting. Motivation is extremely important n all areas of life especially the workplace. Without motivation there is no desire or drive to do anything. â€Å"Needs† such as sustenance, safety, security, belonging, recognition, and a sense of growth and achievement are motivators, or drivers, which leads us to behave and act in a certain way. (Synergy, 2001.) Motivation is particularly important in the health care setting because health care providers and staff are caring for those who are facing with health problems and issues. Having health-related problems causes one to be fearful, stressed, overwhelmed, and discouraged. Health issues not only affect a person’s (and their loved ones) physical, mental, and spiritual status but also their finances, daily responsibilities and schedules, etc. Working in the health care industry can be discouraging and a negative setting for all. Employers must see that their staff members work as a team (synergy) in order to stay motivated as their level of motivation, teamwork, quality of work affects the motivation and physical, mental, and spiritual levels of their patients in the setting. Many health care providers and settings provide motivation via a professional working environment, music therapy, counseling, mentors, etc. Those who enter the health care industry usually do so in order to help others. People who do so usually are motivated by their desire to make a difference in the

Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

Accounting - Assignment Example The game changer in Ameritel Company is the manner in which it reaches out to its employees, retailers, track sales as well as timely implementation of its new marketing strategies with the desirable Salesforce. Its Salesforce managed to reach out to the entire sales region to bridge the gap that exists between the company call center and sales teams. Furthermore, Ameritel is undertaking training campaigns for its dealers according to Reid, 2014. Ameritel has a mechanism that enables monitoring of its inventory anytime anywhere due to its efficient tracking system. The tracking system eases instant and effective visibility of dealer performance and purchases. Reid, 2014 adds that half of the organization explores working with pop and mom accounts that utilize Ameritel in selling T-Mobile. The remaining half collaborates with the wholesale section to supply the T-Mobile as well as activities involving tracking. Ameritel uses Salesforce because it is striving to achieve absolute best experience in its internal operations as well as to the customers. The other issue in its top priority is to surpass its customer expectations besides general company

Application of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms

Application of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms The Application of the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms In Pediatric Nursing Practice Krista Kelly Introduction Every human being regardless of age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status or physical ability will experience pain or unpleasant symptoms at some point in their lives. Pain can be defined as an unpleasant, subjective sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage (International Association for the Study of Pain, Subcommittee on Taxonomy, 2008). This definition acknowledges not only the physical nature of the pain experience, but also recognizes the psychological aspect. Pain is a highly subjective experience and can only be accurately described by the person experiencing it. According to the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2013), nurses have an ethical responsibility for assessing and alleviating pain using appropriate, evidence informed pain management. It also states that nurses are also obligated to advocate for change in the care plan when pain relief is inadequate. The theory of unpleasant symptoms (TOUS) is a middle-range theory that was developed by nurses to enhance the understanding of relationships among multiple symptoms and symptom experiences to manage unpleasant symptoms through effective interventions (Lee, Vincent Finnegan, 2017). The TOUS has three major concepts that will be discussed in further detail throughout this paper. The purpose of this paper is to describe, analyze and evaluate the TOUS and its relevance to pediatric nursing practice. This paper will identify a clinical situation on a pediatric unit and will indicate how the TOUS provides direction for guiding nursing practices. Lastly, this paper will assess the utility, strengths and weaknesses of the TOUS. Description of Theory According to Smith Parker (2010), theories help guide our actions, help us reach desired results and give evidence to what has been previously achieved. Specifically, middle-range theories are abstract, yet are concrete enough that it provides a link between nursing research and practice. The middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms was introduced in 1995 as a means for incorporating existing information about a variety of symptoms (Lenz, Pugh, Milligan, Gift, Suppe, 1997). The TOUS incorporates three major components: the symptoms that a patient is undergoing, the factors that influence symptoms and that give rise to the nature of the symptoms, and the effects of the symptom experience. Each individual symptom is considered a multidimensional experience that can be measured together with other symptoms or measured independently (Lopes- Junior, de Omena Bomfim, Nascimento, Pereira-da-Silva, Garcia de Lima, 2015). Although symptoms differ from one another, they share four common domains including: duration, intensity, quality and distress. The duration of a symptom refers to the time that the symptom occurs at, or the frequency of the symptom. Intensity indicates the severity, strength or amount of the symptom being experienced by the individual. Whereas, the quality of pain can be used to describe what the symptom feels like to the individual. For instance, pain can be described as sharp, dull, achy or throbbing. Lastly, the distress domain of the symptom experience refers to the degree to which the patient is bothered by it (Lee et al., 2017). The same symptom may be unbearable to some individuals but could be much less severe to others. Thus, it is important to ask patients how much they are bothered by the symptom to gain a better understanding of how they are interpreting the experience and the meaning they associate with it (Lenz, et al.,1997). In the TOUS, there are three factors that influence each of the previously mentioned domains: physiologic factors, psychologic factors and situational factors (Lenz, Supp e, Gift, Pugh, Milligan, 1995). Physiologic factors include the normal functioning of the body systems, the presence of any pathology and the individuals energy levels. Psychologic factors incorporate the individuals mental state and their reaction to their illness. Lastly, situational factors pertain to aspects of the individuals physical and social environment that can affect their experience and reporting of symptoms. Examples of social environment include: lifestyle behaviours, social support, employment status, and access to health care services. On the contrary, physical environments can include but are not limited to variables such as noise, light, temperature and polluted air/water; all of which can influence symptoms (Lenz Pugh, 2014). According to Lenz Pugh (2014), the outcome concept in the TOUS is performance. Performance refers to the outcome or effect of the symptom experience and how it impacts the individuals functional status, cognitive functioning and physical performance. For example, certain symptoms may affect an individuals ability to perform the activities of daily living or may alter their memory, concentration or problem solving skills (Lee et al., 2017). Application to Clinical Practice The assessment and management of pain or unpleasant symptoms are essential skills while dealing with the pediatric population. With children, especially infants and toddlers who are unable to communicate, it can be extremely challenging to identify the presence of pain, which in turn makes it difficult to treat. Therefore, it is important to assess pain by receiving input from the child and their parents or care givers. In the case when a child is unable to communicate, their family and caregivers should be able to advocate for suitable interventions to manage pain based on what they know about their child and the current situation (RNAO, 2013). The TOUS exemplifies a perspective that not only includes the physical domain of the human experience, but also recognizes the importance influence of psychological and situational factors, as well as their interaction on the symptom experience (Lenz Pugh, 2014). The writer was able to apply this theory in the pediatric setting while caring for an eight year-old female patient who was experiencing painful urination and abdominal pain related to a urinary tract infection. Looking at the physiological factors, this patient had a history of a fever for the past month, lower abdominal pain and a decreased appetite; otherwise her diet was classified as tolerated. Regarding the psychological factors, the patient expressed she was happy, as she was being discharged that afternoon. While the writer was taking vital signs, the patient was alert, oriented, compliant and aware of why she was in the hospital. As the writer was providing care for this patient, it was evident that there was suppo rt from her father, mother and little brother, all who provided positive words of encouragement to get well soon. The updated version of the TOUS states that symptoms can occur alone or simultaneously, thus this paper will focus on multiple symptoms experienced by the patient; painful urination and abdominal pain. The patient expressed that she experienced a burning and painful sensation while urinating and that it had been occurring for the previous four days. When asked to rate her pain on a severity scale from 0-10, she rated her pain as a 4. In regards to the distress of her symptom, she mentioned it really bothered her during the night, as she was frequently waking up with the urge to urinate. In regards to the patients performance, she was unable to fulfill her social role as a grade four student, piano student and dance student as she stayed in the hospital for five days. She was also unable to assist her mother and father in playing/ taking care of her younger brother as she was experiencing abdominal pain that restricted her from doing so. The TOUS is valuable tool for nurses as it helps collect the previously mentioned data, which in turn helps nurses individualize interventions that fit the patients needs and unique pattern of symptoms (Lenz, et al.,1997). In order to manage symptoms effectively, these nursing interventions should include the evaluation of the symptoms individually and as a whole in order to comprehend their interactions (Lopes-Junior et al., 2015). Understanding symptoms of patients is important because experiencing multiple simultaneously occurring symptoms, as opposed to one symptom can have more negative effects on patient outcomes. Ultimately, understanding these multiple symptoms can help improve clinical management of an illness or disease (Lee et al., 2017). Assessment of Overall Utility There are both strengths and weaknesses in the utility of the TOUS. The TOUS can be used to improve the understanding of the symptom experience of individuals in various scenarios and provides information that is useful for nursing interventions that can decrease, prevent or manage negative symptoms and their unpleasant effects (Lenz Pugh, 2014). However, the TOUS lacks detail that may be useful in working with a specific symptom or illness in a given clinical population, such as pediatrics. Specifically, the TOUS has focused only on subjectively perceived symptoms rather than objective observable data. Neonates, infants and toddlers or children who are cognitively impaired, are incapable of verbalizing their pain. Therefore, pain or unpleasant symptom assessment should also be based on behavioural and physiological cues rather than just subjective information. For example, an infant may display pain by frowning or clenching their jaw and crying uncontrollably. They may moan, whimpe r or have a difficult time being consoled by a parent or caregiver. Being agitated, squirmy or rigid can also be indicative of pain or unpleasant feelings in infants and should be noted (Merkel, Voepel-Lewis, Shayevitz Malviya, 1997). The TOUS does an excellent job at looking at the individual in a holistic manner, such that it considers the interactions between individuals and their environment, the multidimensionality of symptom experiences of the individual and uses a biopsychosocial approach (Lee et al., 2017). While constructing an individualistic health care plan for patients, the TOUS does not include an intervention component within the model. This may indicate that the theory is more useful for observing concepts, examining their relationships, and developing tools to measure the concepts/relationships than for developing specific interventions for particular symptoms (Lenz, et al.,1997). In the future, the theory should include suggestions for interventions on specific symptoms for health care providers to use in practice. Conclusion The purpose of this paper was to describe, analyze and evaluate the TOUS in a clinical pediatric setting and its connection to nursing practice. The uses, strengths and weaknesses of the theory were also presented. The TOUS is a middle-range theory that emphasizes the importance for nurses to understand that physiological, psychological and situational factors can influence multiple symptoms, which in turn can affect the individuals performance. It is also critical to realize that the performance outcomes can loop back to impact the symptom experience itself, as well as to alter the influencing factors (Lee et al., 2017). Overall, this theory can be applied in different settings to understand symptoms of individuals, however specific nursing interventions are currently lacking in this theory. With continued research and studies, this theory can only increase in its practicality to health care professionals and caregivers. References International Association for the Study of Pain, Subcommittee on Taxonomy. (2008). Pain terms: A list of definitions and notes on usage. Pain, 6, 249. Lee, S.E., Vincent, C., Finnegan, L. (2017). An analysis and evaluation of the theory of unpleasant symptoms. Advances in Nursing Science, 40 (1), E16-E39. Lenz, E.R., Suppe, F., Gift, A.G., Pugh, L.C., Milligan, R.A. (1995). Collaborative development of middle-range nursing theories: Toward a theory of unpleasant symptoms. Advances in Nursing Science, 17 (3), 1-13. Lenz, E.R., Pugh, L.C., Milligan, R.A., Gift, A.G., Suppe, F. (1997). The middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms: An update. Advances in Nursing Science, 19 (3), 14-27. Lenz, E.R., Pugh, L.C. (2014). The theory of unpleasant symptoms. In M. J. Smith (Ed.), Middle range theory for nursing (3rd ed.), (165-195). New York: Springer Publishing Company. Lopes- Junior, L.C., de Omena Bomfim, E., Nascimento, L.C., Pereira-da-Silva, G., Garcia de Lima, R.A. (2015). Theory of unpleasant symptoms: Support for the management of symptoms in children and adolescents with cancer. Revista gaucha Enfermagem, 36 (3), 109-112. Merkel, S.I., Voepel-Lewis, T., Shayevitz, J.R., Malviya, S. (1997). The FLACC: A behavioural scale for scoring postoperative pain in young children. Pediatric Nursing, 23 (3), 293-297. Registered Nurses Association of Ontario [RNAO]. (2013). Assessment and management of pain, third edition. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/sites/rnao-ca/files/AssessAndManagementOfPain2014.pdf Smith, M.C., Parker, M.E. (2010). Nursing theory and the discipline or nursing. In M.E. Parker M.C. Smith (Eds.), Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice (3rd ed.), (pp.3-15). Philadelphia, PA: Davies.

Information Systems In Business Organizations Essay

The website of PC Magazine, upon looking at its physical makeup, and design, was designed to entice and provoke consumers all over the world, some of them, I assume, are hooked on online shopping, to purchase products featured on their website. The home page of the website appears to be patches of commercial billboards as it is occupied by advertising ads publicizing their line of products. Some of the wide variety of products presented in the website includes printers, digital cameras, laptops, mobile phones, software and hardware products for computers, mp3 players, to flash drives, speakers, projectors, subscriptions for PC magazine as well, and many more. There is also a broad range of links that you can visit that depends on your fields of interest. For online window shoppers, there is a link for product guides and reviews. Products available in the market, including all brand names, companies and corporations who pay Pcmag.com for advertisements, and product partners, are reviewed and rated. The reviews are useful enough, containing the positive and negative feedbacks of each product. The ratings on the other hand are based on the features, compatibility to other gadgets, design, and the price of the product. There are also software products, for shareware, demo trial, and freeware that the online client can sample and access. As tagline of the Pcmag.com goes, their website is intended for an independent individual. To prove their claim, they have provided links for how-to’s, do-it-yourself’s, tips and guides, and video blogs. For the online information-seeker, there are links for news updates and columns about products in the market, whether these are upgrades, new product launches, additional reviews, comments, etc. Aside from the advertisements plaguing the website, there is also a separate link for online shoppers, which constitute numerous merchandises that are available for purchasing, shopping options, and technology solutions. Moreover, there are discussion boards for online clients who wish to communicate with other online clients about gadget finds, current trends, and other issues about technology and its advances.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, the website of PC Magazine spells out the words â€Å"to sell.† There isn’t any link in the website which does not feature an advertisement or stimulating signs such as low prices, sales, and discounts for products. For each mouse click, there is always a provocation to purchase gadget items. The website accommodates online shoppers, online window shoppers, and consumers deciding on what products to purchase for their particular needs and why. However, pcmag.com primarily caters to businesses or corporations that are planning advertising strategies for the promotion of their products. In as much as the website would want to display themselves as a consumer-centered community, it is likely that business corporations are more benefited by them than their consumers. People who are knowledgeable about management and marketing issues or even rational consumers who are not easily swayed by advertising would know this. Advertising is a very powerful and persuasive tool in stimulating consumers to believe what they are trying to sell. It does not even contribute much to information technology because it is only concerned with the promotions of software and hardware products. Although there are links provided for how-to’s and such, it still lacks depth and beneficial information to sustain the demands of learning information technology. The extensive amount of information provided in each link would be a subject of interest to you if you are a techie and gadget-dependent or if you want to learn how to operate gadgets that are widely used nowadays. If these are your objectives in visiting the sites, then it would be an advantageous and helpful thing for you to do. The product guides and reviews would prove to be the most interesting and valuable links for consumers, as it has the most consumer-centered feel to it. In general, the usefulness and value of the website depends upon your needs and concerns.

Freakanomics Book Critique - 1036 Words

Freakanomics Book Critique What do the Klu Klux Klan, real estate agents, Chicago gangs, and sumo wrestlers all have in common? Surprisingly, economics. Steven D. Levitt, an award-winning University of Chicago economist with an unconventional view of the world, and his co-author Stephen J. Dubner, an intrepid author and reporter, set out to find the bizarre correlations between world events using economics in their 2005 New York Times Bestseller Freakanomics: Exploring the Hidden Side of Everything. Freakanomics is at times controversial and some of the information could be outdated yet it is still highly entertaining and intriguing, based on verified and factual information yet communicated in a fashion that is understandable to even the most math-phobic or economics-impaired individual. Freakanomics is a new kind of microeconomic research coined by Levitt and Dubner and does not have anything to do with stock market predictions or a company’s production of goods. Instead, Freakanomics uses economic principles and research to answer curious questions such as â€Å"If drug dealers make so much money, why do they still live with their mothers?† and â€Å"What do cheating teachers and sumo wrestlers have in common?† Each chapter endeavors to answer a bizarre question about how the world, and people, really work. Economics is often thought to be a cold and calculating science of graphs and dollar signs. Freakanomics however is a unique blend of economics’ emotionless logic, curiosity,

Common Reader and Complex Reader Free Essay Example, 1250 words

The common reader according to the author is a layman who, in relation to what was mentioned earlier, simply wants to experience and satisfy his needs. Since the Grand Canyon is greatly advertised as a nice place to visit, being there with other tourists, experiencing and enjoying the view would already be enough for the common reader. The complex reader, on the other hand, will not be satisfied by simply being there. He is an expert so he will be able to see with observant eyes other things which may not be even noticed by other people. There is something that he wants to experience further, something uncommon and different. Therefore, he does not get satisfied by visiting the Grand Canyon unless he finds out something he did not read about in books or magazines. Perhaps he would find another venue from where he could see the renowned tourist spot with a new perspective. The complex reader is a planner so that knowing what to expect at the Grand Canyon, he will make detailed notes about alternative activities or venues for his visit. The common reader is also simple in his ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Common Reader and Complex Reader or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page What a wonderful sunset . On the contrary, the complex reader will plan to camp and have a barbecue party because he interprets the red sky as a sign of a good night for outdoor activity. The analysis was mentioned earlier. This is absent among common readers while it is a defining characteristic of the complex reader.